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Home » Sure here is the translated and creatively rephrased title in English Legislative Yuan Passes AntiMoney Laundering Law Up to 2 Years Jail for NonCompliant Crypto Firms But Is Enforcement Feasible
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Sure here is the translated and creatively rephrased title in English Legislative Yuan Passes AntiMoney Laundering Law Up to 2 Years Jail for NonCompliant Crypto Firms But Is Enforcement Feasible

By adminJul. 17, 2024No Comments1 Min Read
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Sure here is the translated and creatively rephrased title in English

Legislative Yuan Passes AntiMoney Laundering Law Up to 2 Years Jail for NonCompliant Crypto Firms But Is Enforcement Feasible
Sure here is the translated and creatively rephrased title in English Legislative Yuan Passes AntiMoney Laundering Law Up to 2 Years Jail for NonCompliant Crypto Firms But Is Enforcement Feasible
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虛擬資產服務與第三方支付加強納管
台灣目前對虛擬貨幣的監管正逐步加強,以應對日益增多的虛擬資產交易和相關犯罪風險。
2024年7月16日晚間8點,台灣立法院三讀通過洗錢防制法部分條文修正案,並將虛擬資產服務業者和第三方支付服務納入管制範圍。
未來,只要有提供虛擬資產服務、第三方支付服務的事業或個人,都必須完成洗錢防制和服務能量登記或登錄,否則將會面臨嚴厲的刑事和行政處罰。
根據新修正的條文,未完成洗錢防制和服務能量登記或登錄的相關業者,或洗錢防制登記及服務能量登錄經廢止或失效,卻依舊提供相關服務的業者,將處以2年以下有期徒刑或新台幣500萬元以下罰金。
另外,海外業者如果沒有依照公司法辦理公司或分公司設立登記,並完成洗錢防制和服務能量登記或登錄,也不得在台灣境內提供相關服務。
舉例來說,常見的海外交易所幣安、OKX交易所,過去雖有傳出要落地台灣的計畫,但目前仍尚未完成金管會的洗防登記,在修法正式上路後,就必須補登記或者停止營業,違者最重可關2年。
但另外一方面來說,台灣政府是否真的能裁罰到海外業者,也是一大哉問。
另外,對於冒名、使用假名向金融機構、虛擬資產服務業者或第三方支付服務申請開立帳戶,或以不正當方法取得、使用他人帳戶的行為,將處以6個月以上5年以下有期徒刑,並科罰金5,000萬元以下。
律師怎麼看?
過去台灣在加密產業的監管,法律層級上屬聲明制,違反效果為行政裁罰,而在洗錢防制法修正三讀通過後,沒完成洗防登記將具刑事責任。
恆業法律事務所加密貨幣團隊資深律師林上倫律師表示,行政裁罰和刑事犯罪調查的發動機關有很大的差別,而這次修法將刑事調查也一併列入,對於產業發展以及台灣下一步的打詐計劃來說,是相當重要的一步。
而三讀通過後,對業者來說,合規的範圍會包含到「虛擬資產上下架之審查機制、防止不公正交易機制、自有資產與客戶資產分離保管方式、資訊系統與安全、錢包管理機制」等,這可能會造成法遵成本的提升。
另外,海外業者接下來是否會在台落地、營業、宣傳等下一步規劃,也可能會因台灣的監管方式而有所影響。
林上倫也指出,台灣目前對於加密貨幣業者有著高法遵要求,若未來在司法調查領域也可以提升,例如採用更好的追查系統,可以查出金流、匯款日期,或甚至錢包持有者的相對位置等,也都能提高抓到洗錢帳戶的機率,有效防治台灣的詐騙危害。
一般洗錢罪的刑度上調
除此之外,這次的修法也對一般洗錢罪的刑度進行了修正。
民眾黨立委黃國昌指出,現行洗錢防制法不區分洗錢金額或財產利益,一律規範為7年以下有期徒刑,但為了有效遏止重大洗錢罪犯,特別針對組織性、長期性的洗錢犯,因此民眾黨黨團針對洗錢防制法提出修正動議。
根據三讀通過的條文,進行洗錢防制法第2條所列的洗錢行為者,將面臨3年以上10年以下有期徒刑,並科罰金1億元以下。
洗錢防制法第2條:
一、意圖掩飾或隱匿特定犯罪所得來源,或使他人逃避刑事追訴,而移轉或變更特定犯罪所得。
二、掩飾或隱匿特定犯罪所得的本質、來源、去向、所在、所有權、處分權或其他權益者。
三、收受、持有或使用他人之特定犯罪所得。
若洗錢的財物或財產利益未達1億元者,將面臨6個月以上5年以下有期徒刑,並科罰金5000萬元以下。就算是未遂犯,也將會受到處罰。

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